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Dave Saxby: Linguist

David Saxby was born and lived most of his life in Sydney. He completed a Bachelor of Science and Bachelor of Arts at the University of Sydney where his areas of interest were Indonesian studies, linguistics and chemistry. After graduating, he took a job with the Australian Government National Measurement Institute, working in the chemistry laboratories. Sadly, this job had nothing to do with what later was to become his true calling – a love for Indonesian language and culture.

Why did you first take up the study of the Indonesian language?

My high school, North Sydney Boys’ High, had an Indonesian language program and I found Indonesian relatively easy to learn compared to the other modern languages offered. My teacher, Pak Arbon, was a wonderful teacher and he definitely helped to spark my interest in Indonesia.

When did you first visit and for what purpose?

I travelled to Indonesia in 1996 to take a four week language course at Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, in Salatiga, West Java. Since then I have returned to Indonesia for one year’s university study, to participate in the Australia-Indonesia Youth Exchange Program and for just travelling and visiting friends.

What is it that you like about the country?

It’s no surprise that Indonesia is very different to Australia and these differences are what interests me about Indonesia. Rather than the obvious differences such as food, language, history and religion, it is the more inconspicuous aspects of life in Indonesia that fascinate me. For example, what is likely to be a topic of conversation over lunch? Or what do friends do for a good night out? And despite the obvious and not-so-obvious differences, I am also fascinated by the similarities I have found between Australians and Indonesians.

In your opinion, what is so special about the Indonesian language?

My experience with Indonesian outside the classroom has shown me that Indonesians are very creative users of their language, and this makes Indonesian quite a dynamic language. Words and meanings are frequently created, changed, borrowed or combined. And it is not just Indonesian vocabulary that is evolving, but also spelling, pronunciation, word-formation rules, syntax—every level of language! But this is not to say that Indonesian has no rules, just that Indonesians like to play with the rules!

What factors cause Westerners the most difficulty in mastering good Indonesian?
Indonesian has a reputation as a language that is easy to learn, probably because it uses the Latin alphabet, has (almost) phonetic pronunciation and lacks many grammatical complications such tense, case, gender, number and grammatical agreement. As a consequence, it is relatively easy to learn basic Indonesian communication. The difficulty comes when trying to use Indonesian as Indonesians would. This requires in depth-experience of the language to gain a better knowledge and wider scope of expression.

How do you define bahasa remaja or “youth Indonesian”? Why did you pick this particular form of the language to study?

When I lived in Indonesia, I quickly realised that the Indonesian I heard being spoken was rarely the same as I had learnt in Australia. This prompted my interest and research into linguistic variation in Indonesian. The variety of Indonesian that I was most in contact with was spoken by other people my age, university students and younger. In contrast to Indonesia’s regional language variation, this youth Indonesian, or bahasa remaja, is relatively uniform across the Indonesian archipelago due to the widespread dissemination of popular youth culture via magazines, TV shows, websites and online chatting. These tend to use and develop a distinct variety of Indonesian that the youth audience identifies with.

Can you give some useful everyday examples of bahasa remaja?

lagi ngapain aja? what’s goin’ on?

iseng-iseng aja just hangin’ out

nonton yuk! let’s catch a movie!

kok mahal? why is that so expensive?

kamu kok ngerjain aku? why are you having a go at me?

gue sebel ama lo! you’re pissing me off!

gue lagi boke I got no cash

emangnya gue pikirin! I really couldn’t give a stuff!

cepetan dong! hurry up!

What advice can you give to students of the Indonesian language?

Practice! Ask yourself ‘how would an Indonesian express this idea?’ rather than translating word-for-word from English. I think it is very important to never stop learning and continually try to make your Indonesian more Indonesian!

Are there any audio, published or web-based Indonesian language learning aids you can recommend?

To learn youth Indonesian, find a DVD of Ada Apa Dengan Cinta? (or any other youth film), turn off the subtitles and follow the dialogue! Most Indonesian textbooks focus on formal rule-based Indonesian and this is a very good place to start. It is important, however, to realize that there are many varieties of Indonesian, just as there are many different varieties of English. The varieties of Indonesian vary from place to place, from city to country and from young to old so it is near impossible to have a practical Indonesian language learning text that addresses all of these. The best thing to do is just jump in and see what you find!

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